安装系统依赖

apt install libncurses5-dev

官方地址

https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/

下载你想要的某个版本

wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.7.44.tar.gz

解压到指定路径

tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.44.tar.gz

创建用户组

groupadd mysql

创建用户并指定用户组

useradd -r -g mysql mysql

解释：

-r 表示创建的用户不会分配家目录，并且是用于系统服务，默认不能登录系统
-g 指定用户组

下载boost

wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/boost/files/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz

mkdir build
cd build

执行配置

cmake .. -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_general_ci -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITHOUT_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_ZLIB=bundled -DWITH_SSL=system -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 -DENABLE_DOWNLOADS=1 -DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 -DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/src/mysql/mysql-5.7.44/boost -DWITH_DEBUG=0

编译安装

make && make install

添加配置文件/etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
port = 3306
socket = /usr/local/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock
user = mysql

basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data

skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 32M
max_allowed_packet = 1024M
table_open_cache = 128
sort_buffer_size = 768K
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 768K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
query_cache_size = 16M
tmp_table_size = 32M
performance_schema_max_table_instances = 1000
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true
#skip-networking
max_connect_errors = 1024
open_files_limit = 65535

log_bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=mixed
server_id   = 232
expire_logs_days = 10
early-plugin-load = ""

default_storage_engine = InnoDB
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
innodb_log_file_size = 32M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 64M

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash

[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 64M
sort_buffer_size = 768K
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M

添加系统服务/etc/systemd/system/mysql.service

[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf
LimitNOFILE = 5000

授权

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
chmod -R +x /usr/local/mysql

初始化数据库

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

创建socket文件目录

mkdir /usr/local/mysql/tmp

授权

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
chmod +x /usr/local/mysql

启动数据库服务

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start mysql
systemctl enable mysql

创建软链接

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin/mysql

修改默认密码

mysql -uroot -p
SET PASSWORD=PASSWORD('123456');

配置允许远程访问

CREATE USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

Q.E.D.